英语语音
网上英语练习
阅读
写作
口语
听力
语法
词汇
语音
词典
|
英语语音
1. 学会音标。它只能作为参考,或在没有其它方法的情况下使用。
2. 下载或买一个英语语音软件。让软件先给你读出标准的英语。你千万不能自己先读。如不清楚,用音标作为参考。
3. 唯一成功方法是 -- 多听,多模仿。
下面为你提供了一些关于语音的基础知识:
概念
字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母:a, e,i(y), o, u
音标:词的语音形式。
音素:音的最小的单位。
音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。
元音:发音响亮.口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主音。
辅音:发音不响亮.口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。
开音节:
1. 辅音+元音+辅音+'e'. 如:name, like, dome .
2. 辅音+元音. 如: he, go, hi.
闭音节:
1. 辅音+元音+辅音. 如:map, mop, dip.
2. 元音+辅音. 如:it.
重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
1. 元音:(注意:下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标)
1) [i:] sea,
he, see, piece, ceiling 2) [i] sit,
build, miss, myth 3) [e] bed,
desk, head, 4) [
] bad, land, bank, stamp
5) [a:] car,
fast, class, plant, calm, aunt
6) [ ] hot, want
7) [ ] door, more,
sport, ball, warm, author, court,
bought, caught 8)
[u:] good, who, blue, soup,
9) [u] look,
put, women, could 10) [ ] cup, come, blood,
rough 11) [ ] girl, work,
serve, nurse 12)
[ ]
ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor,
famous, Saturday 13)
[ei] cake, they, play, eight,
great, 14) [ai] bike,
die, neither, light, try, find,
height, eye 15)
[ ] phone,
cold, boat, soul, grow 16) [au]
house, town 17)
[ ] boy,
oil 18) [ ] dear, idea,
deer, here, fierce, 19) [ ] pear, care,
there, fair 20)
[ ] tour,
poor,
2. 容易混淆的元音
1) [e] [] bed bad;
men, man; pen, pan; lend land 2)
[i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid
3) [e] [AI] bet
bite; red write; said side, head, hide 4) [au] [ ] house horse; loud lord; south
sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 5) [au] [ ] found fond; gown gone; down
don
3. 辅音
1) [p] pen,
2) [b] bed,
comb 3) [t] tell,
4) [d], day, played,
wanted 5) [k] cold, sky,
quick, school, back, accept, box
6) [g] big, go,
guess, language 7)
[m] man 8) [n] nine,
knife, autumn 9) [ ] bank, uncle, English, sing,
10) [l] land,
world 11) [r] read,
write, 12) [f] five,
cough, laugh 13)
[v] voice, of 14) [ ] think, 15) [ ] this, bathe
16) [s] sit,
miss, science, case, scarf 17) [z] zoo,
close, 18) [ ] sure, she, social,
nation 19) [
] pleasure, 20) [h] hot,
who, hour 21) [w] wall,
what, answer 22)
[j] yes 23) [ ] child, teach,
catch 24) [ ] joke, bridge,
25) [ts]
boats 26) [dz]
goods 27) [tr]
tree 28) [dr]
dream
4. 容易混淆的辅音
1) [v] [w] vet
wet; vest west; vine wine; very well 2)
[s] [ ] sink think; sort
thought; miss myth; mass math 3)
[z] [ ] closing clothing;
breeze breathe; bays bathes 4)
[n] [ ] thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win
wing; ran rang
5. 读音规则
1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句) 2) 非重读音节 [
] banana, student, today, after,
[i] orange, secret,
evening, very, Monday
6. 特殊读音
1)音的连读:前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。例如:not at all, half
an hour, I love you and all. after
all 2)失去爆破:辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破。例如:good girl, good
student, good job, expression, school,
extreme 3)音的同化:两个特殊的音碰到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音。例如:Would you do it? I am glad to
meet you. Can't you see it? last year, this year,
7. 重音
1)单词重音 A)双音节词 a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter,
sorry b)有
a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-,
dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音。a'bout, be'lieve, ad'dress, de'cide, re'port,
con'demn, res'pect, com'pare, in'form, dis'cuss, im'press, mis'take, en'force, pre'pare, em'ploy,
per'mit, es'cape, pro'duce, ex'claim,trans'late c)有
de-, in-, re-, con-, pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,
一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的词性在第二个音节上。'record, re'cord; 'insult, in'sult; 'conduct, con'duct; 'present
pre'sent; 'content, con'tent d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的词,有两个重音。'out'side, 're'tell, 'well-'known, 'un'real,
'fif'teen, 'Chi'nese, 'pre-'war, 'post-'war B)多音节词 a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。'difficult,
'communist, 'family, e'conomy, oppor'tunity,de'mocracy.
b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。'carefully, in'definite, 'comfortable, con'ductor,
ac'cording, dis'turbance, 'complicated,es'tablishment,
c)词尾有-eous, -grahpy,
-ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, ive 后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。cour'teous, cal'ligraphy, edi'torial, his'torian,
peri'odic, mathe'matics, ex'perience,suf'ficient, i'dentify, trans'lation,
re'ligious, curi'osity, pro'tective d)词尾有 -ain, -ee, -eer,
-ese, -ette 后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音。enter'tain,
emplo'yee, mountai'neer, Japa'nese, ciga'rette
2)句子重音A) 英语的节奏:(轻)-轻-重-轻-(轻)或重-轻-(轻)(轻)重
B) 英语句子的长短:是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的,而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的。
C) 实词重读(副词重读),虚词轻读(冠词,单音节介词,单音节连词,人称代词,反代词,物主代词,关系代词,相互代词,助动词,情态动词和系动词be
D)
实词不重读的特殊情况 a)
实词第二次出现
He thinks of that as a child thinks.
b) 一个名词被第二个名词修饰
I met her in the railway station.
c) 代替词
Which book do you want? The small one.
d) 感叹词中的
what 和how What a nice day it is! How handsome
he is! e) street 在专有名词中 Peter Street. f)this在这些短语中,this
morning/afternoon/evening
E)虚词重读的特殊情况 a) 情态动词,助动词和系动词be在句首,句尾和否定时。
Do you like it? Yes, I do.
Are you an instructor? Yes, I am.
Can you help me? Yes, I can.
I don't like you.
He isn't a teacher.
b) 情态动词表示可能,惊奇和肯定时。
He may come this afternoon.
Can it be five already?
He must be in the room.
c) 介词在句首和句尾。
In the box, she found a letter.
She is the person I talked with.
d) 引导复合句的连词在句首。
If you wish, I'll visit you.
When he comes, I'll tell him. e)反身代词表示强调。
She couldn't come herself.
|